习马会致辞中的典故

日期：2015-11-16 11:00 作者： 来源：摘自英文联播

    习近平总书记经常运用古代典籍中的经典名句，说明当今人们生活实践中的重大问题，不断激活中华民族优秀传统文化基因，赋予其鲜明的时代内涵。本期挑选了习近平总书记在习马会致辞中的经典名句。这些名句富有说服力和感染力，体现了中国丰富文化内涵和深厚传统积淀。译文努力平衡好经典名句的原义与特定语境中的意译之间的关系。

非知之艰，行之惟艰
Knowing is not that difficult, but doing is。

这个用法是大有出处的，孙中山《建国方略》的序言里就多处出现，他提到禁锢国人几千年的旧思想是阻止民国事业建设发展的大敌，所谓“知之非艰，行之惟艰”也。此说最早处于出自《尚书·说命》中傅说对武丁之言：“知之非艰，行之惟艰。”

为天地立心，为生民立命，为往圣继绝学，为万世开太平。
To ordain conscience for Heaven and Earth. To secure life and fortune forthe people. To continue lost teachings for past sages. To establish peace forall future generations.

这是北宋大儒张载（人称横渠先生）的话。2005年，时任台湾国民党主席的连战先生访问大陆，曾用以寄语北大学子。这四句中不容易翻译的是“为天地立心”。笔者理解：天地本无心，即大自然“优胜劣汰”的道理没有什么伦理可言，可我们要树立道德律。

打断骨头连着筋

李克强在2013年答台湾记者问时也引用了这个俗语，他说，“所谓打断骨头还连着筋，同胞之间、手足之情，没有解不开的结。”新华社将其译成“connected by our flesh even if our bones are broken”。

血浓于水

打断骨头连着筋和血浓于水其实是一个意思。“血浓于水”本身就是一个英国说法的倒译：blood is thicker than water。朗文这样解释：The relationship between people of the samefamily is stronger than other relationships。

咫尺之隔，竟成海天之遥。南京匆匆一晤，瞬逾三十六载。
Who would haveexpected that the short distance between us should be keeping us poles apart!It is now more than 36 years since our brief encounter in Nanjing.

幼时同袍，苏京把晤，往事历历在目。
The days we spent togetherin childhood as well as later in the Soviet capital, however, are still asfresh as ever in my memory.

惟长年未通音问，此诚憾事。近闻政躬违和，深为悬念。
But it's a pityindeed that we haven’t heard from each other for so many years. Recently it filled mewith much concern to learn of your indisposition.

人过七旬，多有病痛，至盼善自珍摄。
Men aged overseventy are liable to illness. I hope you will take good care of yourself.

吾弟尝以“计利当计天下利，求名应求万世名”自勉.
You used to seek self-encouragement from the motto, “The interests to beconsidered should be the interests of all; the fame to be sought should be aneverlasting fame.”

倘能于吾弟手中成此伟业，必为举国尊敬，世人推崇，功在国家，名留青史。
If you should be instrumental in bringing about the cause of nationalreunification, you will certainly win esteem and praise nationwide and yourmeritorious service to the country will earn you a niche in the temple of fame.

局促东隅，终非久计。明若吾弟，自当了然。
After all, draggingout your existence in that tight eastern corner is by no means a permanentsolution. This should be crystal clear to a man of your wisdom.

如迁延不决，或委之异日，不仅徒生困扰，吾弟亦将难辞其咎。
Procrastination, hesitation or sleeping over the problem will only lead toadversity and you, my brother, will hardly be able to escape censure.

事虽经纬万端，但纵观全局，合则对国家有利，分则必伤民族元气。
Complicated as thematter was, an overall view of the situation will show that united, the countryand the nation benefit; divided, they suffer.

吾弟一生坎坷，决非命运安排，一切操之在己。千秋功罪，系于一念之间。
Dear brother, thefrustrations marking your lifetime are by no means predestined. You yourselfalone are master of your own fate. Merits and demerits to be recorded inhistory hinge on the decision made in a moment.

当今国际风云变幻莫测，台湾上下众议纷纾岁月不居，来日苦短，夜长梦多，时不我与。
The presentinternational situation is capricious. Throughout Taiwan people of all strata aretalking about their future. Time does not stay and brief is the day. A longnight invites bad dreams; time and tide wait for no man.

盼弟善为抉择，未雨绸缪。“寥廓海天，不归何待？”
I hope you, mybrother, will make a wise choice and repair the house before it rains. “Vast is the expanse ofsky and water. What are you waiting for, staying away from home?”

“度尽劫波兄弟在，相逢一笑泯恩仇”。
“For all the disastersthe brotherhood has remained; a smile at meeting and enmity is banished.”

遥望南天，不禁神驰，书不尽言，诸希珍重，伫候复音。
When I look south towards the distant horizon, my heart cannot help going outto my compatriots there. No word is enough to express what I wish to say. It ishoped that you will take good care of yourself. I am looking forward to a replyfrom you.